NITROBACTER IN NITRIFICATION

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Ammonia removal is becoming more rigorous in permits making it one of the most important and most difficult process in wastewater treatment plants. 

Nitrification is generally a two step biological oxidation of ammonia or ammonium to nitrite using nitrosomonas followed by oxidation of the nitrite to nitrate using nitrobacter. The microorganisms can also be described by the step of process they drive: 1. ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AOB) 2. nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB).Both type of nitrifiers are are autotrophs,which means they build cellular materials using carbon dioxide or carbonate and obtain energy from the chemical conversion of ammonia to nitrite and nitrate. Autotrophic nitrifying bacteria obtain less energy during their metabolic processes compared to more common heterotrophic wastewater bacteria. Their lower energy level results in slower cellular growth. This is especially true in case of nitrosomonas. Nitrosomonas are responsible for the conversion of ammonium into nitrite. Conversely, the growth of nitrobacter is affectd because they are responsible for taking the nitrite and converting it into nitrite

Denitrification is an anoxic process that occurs in the absence of dissolved oxygen in which nitrate is sequentially reduced to nitric oxide, nitrous oxide, and nitrogen in the presence of a carbon source and heterotrophic bacteria. The nitrate produced during nitrification becomes the oxygen source for heterotrophic bacteria that use the available BOD, thus bacteria, oxidized nitrogen as the oxygen source, and a carbon source are required for denitrification. 






Reference :  https://www.marylandbiochemical.com/applications/municipal/nitrification/

                           https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/nitrobacter  

sdde(NOis sequentially reduced to nitrite          

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