Nanomembranes in waste water treatment

-

 

As we know that nanotechnology is a new science, the way of filtering at the nanoscale level with the use of a membrane doesn’t seem as anything brand new. It’s a biomimetic process Xeroxed up directly from the nature.The living cells use a structure of the nanomembrane for functioning. The processes include the conveying of salts from blood and also the shifting of oxygen to and carbon dioxide from the cells.

Nanomembranes are basically made from the organic polymers based on nanocomposites having a thickness less than 100nm. Such nanomembranes include organic polymers amalgamated  with a mesh of silica nanoparticles. The size of holes in the mesh restricts or allows the passage of different sized molecules.

Biomimetics | Free Full-Text | Biomimetic Nanomembranes: An Overview

A REVIEW: NANO MEMBRANE AND APPLICATION

 A special focus in BioSense research is the development and functionalization of nanomembranes for sensing applications. Due to very large aspect ratio of nanomembranes, such sensors imply very large active areas for a small volume, resulting in high sensitivity and miniature size of the final devices. This quality of nanomaterials is expressed in 0-D nanostructures (dots and cages) and 1-D structures (nanowires, nanotubes and nanochannels), as well as in 2-D structures like ultrathin films and nanomembranes. BioSense researchers develop various nanostructures as sensing elements which will allow the detection of ultra small concentrations of environmental pollutants, additives or toxins in the food chain, as well as the development of various sensors of complex analytes such as chemical and biochemical substances.

Applications for nanomembranes include :

•        Desalination of sea water

•        Purification of polluted water

•        Removal of carbon dioxide and other pollutants from exhaust gases

•        Sensors in MEMS


Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

SLUDGE REDUCTION POTENTIAL OF METAZOA

-
Image
 A way to reduce excess sludge production and enhance mineralization is to retain the sludge completely in a treatment plant, which can be achieved by a membrane separation process. There the sludge concentration is expected to stabilize at the level at which energy supplied is fully utilized for maintenance purpose. Another way to enhance mineralization and reduce the sludge production is to exploit the organism in the process that predate on bacteria (sludge), by promoting their growth in an extra “grazing stage”. During energy transfer from bacteria to higher trophic level organisms, energy is lost due to inefficient biomass conversion and thus the predator may make a large contribution to biomass replacement. A long sludge retention period in membrane bioreactors (MBR) is very suitable for the abundant growth of these higher organisms. This predatory population in the system can be exploited to enhance mineralization and reduce sludge production.  High metazoa density lead...
Read more

Pseudomonas in wastewater treatment

-
Image
Pseudomonas in wastewater treatment-  Source- Céline Slekovec, Julie Plantin, and Didier Hocquet  Pseudomonas is a genus of Gram-negative, Gammaproteobacteria, belonging to the family Pseudomonadaceae and containing 191 validly described species. The members of the genus demonstrate a great deal of metabolic diversity and consequently are able to colonize a wide range of niches. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated consistently from domestic and hospital sewage. In domestic sewage the numbers were usually less than 30,000 per 100 ml whereas counts above 500,000 per 100 ml were frequently obtained in hospital sewage. Correspondingly high counts of Escherichia coli were not found in hospital sewage and the ratio of E. coli to P. aeruginosa was usually less than 25 compared to ratios of over 500 often found in ordinary domestic sewage. During passage through sewage treatment plants the numbers of both bacteria were reduced by about 90% so that their ratio in the effluent remained...
Read more

ANAEROBIC FERMENTATION

-
Image
  Most of the organics in the sewage sludge were transformed into useful energy by the anaerobic fermentation of microorganism. Plenty of nitrogen, phosphate, potassium could be separated from the leachate produced in this fermentation which makes the recycling of sewage sludge much easier. This method could also help stabilize and decrease the amount of sewage sludge and make it harmless.  Here is a brief account on the mechanism of this process. The sewage sludge samples are taken in conical flasks; the flasks were sealed and kept in an airtight and anaerobic condition. Then the conical flasks were kept in thermostatic water bath box, controlling the temperature at 95°C to improve the efficiency of the anaerobic fermentation of the sewage sludge. The conical flasks were taken out and put into a container with oxygen at the 2th, 7th, 10th, 14th, 17th, 21th, and 28th day after the beginning of the anaerobic fermentation, respectively. When the flasks were taken out, a little o...
Read more